Mandibular Condyle Fracture
Jaw fractures are common in facial traumatology and are treated based on fracture type and patient condition, either conservatively or surgically. Postoperative follow-up and functional training are crucial for successful healing. National guidelines support treatment choice.
Table of contents
This article is based on an original article in Swedish which can be found here
BACKGROUND
A fundamental philosophy and goal in all fracture treatment is to restore the correct anatomical position in the area of the fracture. Treatment of fractures of the condyle is, however, a controversial subject within facial traumatology. The controversy mainly consists of whether the fracture type should be treated closed (conservatively or functionally) or open (surgically).
The fracture type is complex, where the function of the bite as well as the function of the temporomandibular joint must be considered when choosing therapy. Fractures of the condylar head (caput mandibulae) are treated conservatively/functionally in most instances, although an increasing number of studies show promising results even with surgical treatment of this fracture type. The scientific literature in the field is extensive but divided.
The choice of treatment should be based on the patient's individual conditions where adequate imaging and, above all, the clinical examination become guiding.
Children (<12 years) regardless of fracture type are always treated conservatively.
Epidemiology
Fractures of the condyle are among the most common fracture types in facial traumatology. In the mandible, condylar fractures account for over 35-40% of fractures. Traffic accidents, assaults, falls, and sports-related accidents are the most common causes of condylar fractures.
DIAGNOSIS/CLASSIFICATION
